PASSAGE 11
The race is on for the ultimate goal of renewable energy: electricity production at prices that are competitive with coal-fired power stations, but without coal’s pollution. Some new technologies are aiming to be the first to push coal from its position as Australia’s chief source of electricity.
At the moment, the front-runner in renewable energy is wind technology. According to Peter Bergin of Australian Hydro, one of Australia’s leading wind energy companies, there have been no dramatic changes in windmill design for many years, but the cumulative effects of numerous small improvements have had a major impact on cost. ‘We’re reaping the benefits of 30 years of research in Europe, without having to make the same mistakes that they did,’ Mr Bergin says.
Electricity can be produced from coal at around 4 cents per kilowatt-hour, but only if the environmental costs are ignored. ‘Australia has the second cheapest electricity in the world, and this makes it difficult for renewables to compete,’ says Richard Hunter of the Australian Ecogeneration Association (AEA). Nevertheless, the AEA reports: ‘The production cost of a kilowatt-hour of wind power is one-fifth of what it was 20 years ago,’ or around 7 cents per kilowatt-hour.
Australian Hydro has dozens of wind monitoring stations across Australia as part of its aim to become Australia’s pre-eminent renewable energy company. Despite all these developments, wind power remains one of the few forms of alternative energy where Australia is nowhere near the global cutting edge, mostly just replicating European designs.
While wind may currently lead the way, some consider a number of technologies under development to have more potential. In several cases, Australia is at the forefront of global research in the area. Some of them are very site-specific, ensuring that they may never become dominant market players. On the other hand, these newer developments are capable of providing more reliable power, avoiding the major criticism of windmills – the need for back-up on a calm day.
One such development uses hot, dry rocks. Deep beneath South Australia, radiation from elements contained in granite heats the rocks. Layers of insulating sedimentation raise the temperatures in some locations to 250° centigrade. An Australian firm, Geoenergy, is proposing to pump water 3.5 kilometers into the earth, where it will travel through tiny fissures in the granite, heating up as it goes until it escapes as steam through another drilled hole.
At the moment, the front-runner in renewable energy is wind technology. According to Peter Bergin of Australian Hydro, one of Australia’s leading wind energy companies, there have been no dramatic changes in windmill design for many years, but the cumulative effects of numerous small improvements have had a major impact on cost. ‘We’re reaping the benefits of 30 years of research in Europe, without having to make the same mistakes that they did,’ Mr Bergin says.
Electricity can be produced from coal at around 4 cents per kilowatt-hour, but only if the environmental costs are ignored. ‘Australia has the second cheapest electricity in the world, and this makes it difficult for renewables to compete,’ says Richard Hunter of the Australian Ecogeneration Association (AEA). Nevertheless, the AEA reports: ‘The production cost of a kilowatt-hour of wind power is one-fifth of what it was 20 years ago,’ or around 7 cents per kilowatt-hour.
Australian Hydro has dozens of wind monitoring stations across Australia as part of its aim to become Australia’s pre-eminent renewable energy company. Despite all these developments, wind power remains one of the few forms of alternative energy where Australia is nowhere near the global cutting edge, mostly just replicating European designs.
While wind may currently lead the way, some consider a number of technologies under development to have more potential. In several cases, Australia is at the forefront of global research in the area. Some of them are very site-specific, ensuring that they may never become dominant market players. On the other hand, these newer developments are capable of providing more reliable power, avoiding the major criticism of windmills – the need for back-up on a calm day.
One such development uses hot, dry rocks. Deep beneath South Australia, radiation from elements contained in granite heats the rocks. Layers of insulating sedimentation raise the temperatures in some locations to 250° centigrade. An Australian firm, Geoenergy, is proposing to pump water 3.5 kilometers into the earth, where it will travel through tiny fissures in the granite, heating up as it goes until it escapes as steam through another drilled hole.
(Source: Mini-ielts)
Câu 1 [798982]: The word "ultimate" in paragraph 1 is CLOSEST in meaning to ______.
A, temporary
B, final
C, minimal
D, separate
Từ "ultimate" trong đoạn 1 có nghĩa GẦN NHẤT với ______.
A. temporary (adj) /ˈtɛmpəˌrɛri/: tạm thời, chỉ diễn ra trong một khoảng thời gian ngắn, không kéo dài lâu
B. final (adj)/ˈfaɪnəl/: cuối cùng, liên quan đến việc kết thúc hoặc hoàn tất một quá trình
C. minimal (adj) /ˈmɪnɪməl/: tối thiểu, rất ít, thấp nhất có thể
D. separate (adj) /ˈsɛpəˌreɪt/: tách biệt, chia ra thành các phần khác nhau, không liên quan đến nhau
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“The race is on for the ultimate goal of renewable energy: electricity production at prices that are competitive with coal-fired power stations, but without coal’s pollution.”
(Cuộc đua đang diễn ra hướng tới mục tiêu cuối cùng của năng lượng tái tạo: sản xuất điện với mức giá cạnh tranh với các nhà máy điện chạy bằng than, nhưng không gây ô nhiễm từ than.)
⇒ “ultimate /ˈʌltɪmət/ (adj): cuối cùng, sau cùng ~ final. Chọn B
Câu 2 [798983]: The phrase "reaping the benefits" in paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ______.
A, learning from mistakes
B, losing interest
C, enjoying the fruits of
D, causing harm to
Cụm từ "reaping the benefits"" trong đoạn 2 có thể được thay thế tốt nhất bằng cụm ______.
A. learning from mistakes: học từ những sai lầm, rút ra bài học từ các lỗi đã mắc phải
B. losing interest: mất hứng thú, không còn quan tâm hoặc không còn thích điều gì đó
C. enjoying the fruits of: tận hưởng thành quả của, hưởng lợi từ những nỗ lực trước đó
D. causing harm to: gây hại cho, làm tổn thương hoặc gây tác động tiêu cực đến ai đó hoặc điều gì đó
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“We’re reaping the benefits of 30 years of research in Europe, without having to make the same mistakes that they did,’ Mr Bergin says.”
(Chúng tôi đang gặt hái những lợi ích từ 30 năm nghiên cứu ở Châu Âu mà không phải mắc phải những sai lầm giống như họ đã mắc phải,' ông Bergin nói.)
⇒ Cụm “reap the benefits: gặt hái thành công” ~ enjoying the fruits of. Chọn C
Câu 3 [798984]: The word "major" in paragraph 2 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A, powerful
B, hazardous
C, considerable
D, negligible
Từ "major" trong đoạn 2 trái nghĩa với từ ______.
A. powerful (adj) /ˈpaʊərfl/: mạnh mẽ, có sức ảnh hưởng lớn hoặc khả năng tác động mạnh
B. hazardous (adj) /ˈhæzərdəs/: nguy hiểm, có khả năng gây hại hoặc tổn thương
C. considerable (adj) /kənˈsɪdərəbl/: đáng kể, có kích thước hoặc mức độ lớn, quan trọng
D. negligible (adj) /ˈneɡlɪdʒəbl/: không đáng kể, quá nhỏ hoặc không quan trọng để chú ý
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“According to Peter Bergin of Australian Hydro, one of Australia’s leading wind energy companies, there have been no dramatic changes in windmill design for many years, but the cumulative effects of numerous small improvements have had a major impact on cost.”
(Theo Peter Bergin của Australian Hydro, một trong những công ty năng lượng gió hàng đầu của Úc, không có thay đổi đáng kể nào trong thiết kế cối xay gió trong nhiều năm, nhưng hiệu ứng tích lũy của nhiều cải tiến nhỏ đã có tác động lớn đến chi phí.)
⇒ Từ “major /ˈmeɪdʒər/: to lớn, chủ yếu >< negligible. Chọn D
Đáp án: D
Câu 4 [798986]: The word "reliable" in paragraph 5 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A, unpredictable
B, untrustworthy
C, insufficient
D, unstable
Từ "reliable" trong đoạn 5 trái nghĩa với ______.
A. unpredictable (adj) /ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl/: không thể đoán trước, thay đổi một cách bất ngờ và khó dự đoán
B. untrustworthy (adj) /ˌʌnˈtrʌstwɜːði/: không đáng tin cậy, không thể dựa vào hoặc tin tưởng được
C. insufficient (adj) /ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/: không đủ, thiếu hụt về số lượng hoặc chất lượng
D. unstable (adj) /ʌnˈsteɪbəl/: không ổn định, dễ thay đổi hoặc có khả năng gặp sự cố, rủi ro
⇒ Từ “reliable (adj) /rɪˈlaɪəbl/: đáng tin cậy >< untrustworthy. Chọn B
Đáp án: B PASSAGE 12
Social justice, a fundamental principle within modern societies, advocates for fairness, equality, and equity across social, economic, and political spheres. Social justice addresses inequalities within areas such as income distribution, access to education and healthcare, housing, and the criminal justice system. The goal is to ensure that everyone, regardless of their background, has equal opportunities and rights.
Economic inequalities often arise from systemic issues, including wage gaps, wealth disparities, and a lack of access to quality jobs. These economic imbalances can hinder individuals and communities from achieving financial stability. For instance, the wage gap between men and women persists in many societies, with women typically earning less than men for the same work. Similarly, racial disparities can affect income levels, as some minority groups face greater obstacles in securing high-paying positions.
Another aspect of social justice is access to quality education. Education is widely recognized as a pathway to personal and professional advancement. However, not all individuals have equal access to quality education. In many cases, children from low-income families or rural communities may attend underfunded schools, limiting their educational opportunities. This educational inequality can create long-term disadvantages, affecting students’ abilities to pursue higher education or secure well-paying jobs.
Healthcare access also plays a significant role in social justice. Many people around the world lack adequate healthcare due to the high costs of medical services or an absence of facilities in their areas. This often results in health disparities, with marginalized groups experiencing higher rates of illness and reduced life expectancy. For example, in countries without universal healthcare, low-income individuals may delay or forgo medical treatments because they cannot afford them.
Social justice issues extend to the housing sector as well. Safe, affordable housing is a basic need, but homelessness and housing instability remain significant problems worldwide. Rising real estate prices and inadequate housing policies have led to shortages of affordable homes in major cities. These issues disproportionately affect low-income families, often forcing them to live in substandard conditions or unsafe areas.
The criminal justice system also plays a central role in the pursuit of social justice. Many activists argue that marginalized groups are more likely to face harsh penalties and incarceration rates compared to others, even when committing similar offenses. Studies have shown that systemic biases within law enforcement and the judiciary can result in unequal treatment of individuals from certain racial or socioeconomic backgrounds. This can perpetuate cycles of disadvantage and hinder individuals’ abilities to reintegrate into society after serving their sentences.
Economic inequalities often arise from systemic issues, including wage gaps, wealth disparities, and a lack of access to quality jobs. These economic imbalances can hinder individuals and communities from achieving financial stability. For instance, the wage gap between men and women persists in many societies, with women typically earning less than men for the same work. Similarly, racial disparities can affect income levels, as some minority groups face greater obstacles in securing high-paying positions.
Another aspect of social justice is access to quality education. Education is widely recognized as a pathway to personal and professional advancement. However, not all individuals have equal access to quality education. In many cases, children from low-income families or rural communities may attend underfunded schools, limiting their educational opportunities. This educational inequality can create long-term disadvantages, affecting students’ abilities to pursue higher education or secure well-paying jobs.
Healthcare access also plays a significant role in social justice. Many people around the world lack adequate healthcare due to the high costs of medical services or an absence of facilities in their areas. This often results in health disparities, with marginalized groups experiencing higher rates of illness and reduced life expectancy. For example, in countries without universal healthcare, low-income individuals may delay or forgo medical treatments because they cannot afford them.
Social justice issues extend to the housing sector as well. Safe, affordable housing is a basic need, but homelessness and housing instability remain significant problems worldwide. Rising real estate prices and inadequate housing policies have led to shortages of affordable homes in major cities. These issues disproportionately affect low-income families, often forcing them to live in substandard conditions or unsafe areas.
The criminal justice system also plays a central role in the pursuit of social justice. Many activists argue that marginalized groups are more likely to face harsh penalties and incarceration rates compared to others, even when committing similar offenses. Studies have shown that systemic biases within law enforcement and the judiciary can result in unequal treatment of individuals from certain racial or socioeconomic backgrounds. This can perpetuate cycles of disadvantage and hinder individuals’ abilities to reintegrate into society after serving their sentences.
(Source: The Real IELTS)
Câu 5 [798987]: The word "fundamental" in the passage is CLOSEST in meaning to ______.
A, secondary
B, essential
C, optional
D, superficial
Từ "fundamental" trong đoạn văn có nghĩa GẦN NHẤT với ______.
A. secondary (adj) /ˈsekənderi/: phụ, không quan trọng bằng, thứ yếu
B. essential (adj) /ɪˈsenʃl/: cần thiết, thiết yếu, rất quan trọng
C. optional (adj) /ˈɑːpʃənl/: tùy chọn, không bắt buộc
D. superficial (adj) /ˌsuːpərˈfɪʃəl/: hời hợt, nông cạn, không sâu sắc
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Social justice, a fundamental principle within modern societies, advocates for fairness….”
(Công lý xã hội, một nguyên tắc quan trọng trong xã hội hiện đại, ủng hộ sự công bằng…)
⇒ fundamental (adj) /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/: căn bản thiết yếu ~ essential. Chọn B
Câu 6 [798988]: In the context of the passage, "equity" in paragraph 1 most closely means _____.
A, fairness in treatment
B, medical access
C, a type of investment
D, efficiency
Trong bối cảnh của đoạn văn, "equity" ở đoạn 1 có nghĩa gần nhất là ______.
A. fairness in treatment: công bằng đối xử
B. medical access: quyền tiếp cận y tế
C. a type of investment: một loại hình đầu tư
D. efficiency (n) /ɪˈfɪʃnsi/: hiệu suất
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Social justice, a fundamental principle within modern societies, advocates for fairness, equality, and equity across social, economic, and political spheres.”
(Công lý xã hội, một nguyên tắc cơ bản trong xã hội hiện đại, ủng hộ sự công bằng, bình đẳng và bình đẳng trong các lĩnh vực xã hội, kinh tế và chính trị.)
⇒ “equity (n) /ˈekwəti/: sự công bằng ~ fairness in treatment. Chọn đáp án A
Câu 7 [798989]: The word “hinder” in paragraph 2 can be replaced by ______.
A, assist
B, encourage
C, facilitate
D, hamper
Từ “hinder” trong đoạn 2 có thể được thay thế bằng ______.
A. assist (v) /əˈsɪst/: giúp đỡ, hỗ trợ, cung cấp sự trợ giúp cho ai đó hoặc cái gì đó.
B. encourage (v) /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/: khuyến khích, động viên, thúc đẩy ai đó làm điều gì đó.
C. facilitate (v) /fəˈsɪləˌteɪt/: tạo điều kiện thuận lợi, làm cho một việc gì đó trở nên dễ dàng hơn.
D. hamper (v) /ˈhæmpər/: cản trở, làm khó khăn, ngăn chặn sự tiến triển của một hành động
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“These economic imbalances can hinder individuals and communities from achieving financial stability.”
(Những mất cân bằng kinh tế này có thể cản trở cá nhân và cộng đồng đạt được sự ổn định tài chính.)
⇒ “hinder (v): cản trở, gây trở ngại ~ hamper. Chọn đáp án D
Đáp án: D
Câu 8 [798990]: The word "significant" in the passage is CLOSEST in meaning to ______.
A, vital
B, trivial
C, unnoticeable
D, peripheral
Từ "significant" trong đoạn văn có nghĩa GẦN NHẤT với ______.
A. vital (adj) /ˈvaɪtl/: quan trọng, thiết yếu, cần thiết cho sự sống hoặc sự phát triển.
B. trivial (adj) /ˈtrɪviəl/: tầm thường, không quan trọng, ít có giá trị hoặc ảnh hưởng.
C. unnoticeable (adj) /ʌnˈnoʊtɪsəbl/: không thể nhận thấy, không đáng chú ý hoặc không gây sự chú ý.
D. peripheral (adj) /pəˈrɪfərəl/: ngoại vi, không phải là trọng tâm, chỉ liên quan đến các chi tiết hoặc yếu tố phụ.
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Healthcare access also plays a significant role in social justice.“
(Việc tiếp cận dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe cũng đóng vai trò quan trọng trong công bằng xã hội.)
⇒ significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ (adj): quan trọng, trọng đại ~ vital. Chọn đáp án A
Đáp án: A
Câu 9 [798991]: The word “marginalized” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A, privileged
B, underemployed
C, disadvantaged
D, disregarded
Từ “marginalized” trong đoạn 4 có nghĩa TRÁI với ______.
A. privileged (adj) /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd/: có đặc quyền, có những lợi thế hoặc quyền lợi đặc biệt.
B. underemployed (adj) /ˌʌndərɪmˈplɔɪd/: thiếu việc làm phù hợp, khi người lao động không sử dụng hết khả năng hoặc kỹ năng của mình trong công việc.
C. disadvantaged (adj) /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒd/: thiệt thòi, thiếu thốn, không có đủ các điều kiện thuận lợi hoặc cơ hội.
D. disregard (v)/ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrd/: bỏ qua, không quan tâm hoặc coi trọng.
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“This often results in health disparities, with marginalized groups experiencing higher rates of illness and reduced life expectancy.”
(Điều này thường dẫn đến sự chênh lệch về sức khỏe, trong đó các nhóm bị phân biệt đối xử phải chịu tỷ lệ bệnh tật cao hơn và tuổi thọ giảm.)
⇒ “marginalized (adj) /ˈmɑːrdʒɪnəlaɪzd/: nhóm bị phân biệt đối xử trong xã hội >< privileged. Chọn đáp án A
Đáp án: A
Câu 10 [798992]: The word "affordable" in the passage is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A, adequate
B, accessible
C, practical
D, expensive
Từ "affordable" trong đoạn văn trái nghĩa với ______.
A. adequate (adj) /ˈædɪkwət/: đầy đủ, đủ để đáp ứng yêu cầu hoặc nhu cầu.
B. accessible (adj) /əkˈsɛsəbl/: có thể tiếp cận, dễ dàng sử dụng hoặc đến được.
C. practical (adj) /ˈpræktɪkəl/: thiết thực, có tính ứng dụng cao, có thể thực hiện được trong thực tế.
D. expensive (adj) /ɪkˈspɛnsɪv/: đắt đỏ, có giá trị cao, cần nhiều tiền để mua hoặc sử dụng.
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Safe, affordable housing is a basic need, but homelessness and housing instability remain significant problems worldwide.”
(Nhà ở an toàn, giá cả phải chăng là nhu cầu cơ bản, nhưng tình trạng vô gia cư và bất ổn nhà ở vẫn là những vấn đề đáng kể trên toàn thế giới.)
⇒ “affordable (adj) /əˈfɔːrdəbl/” >< expensive. Chọn đáp án D.
Đáp án: D
Câu 11 [798993]: The word “substandard” in paragraph 5 can be replaced by ______.
A, inferior
B, excellent
C, superior
D, sufficient
Từ “substandard” trong đoạn 5 có thể được thay thế bằng ______.
A. inferior (adj) /ɪnˈfɪəriər/: kém, thấp hơn về chất lượng hoặc vị trí, không tốt bằng.
B. excellent (adj) /ˈɛksələnt/: xuất sắc, tuyệt vời, đạt chất lượng rất cao.
C. superior (adj) /suːˈpɪərɪər/: vượt trội, tốt hơn về chất lượng hoặc vị trí.
D. sufficient (adj) /səˈfɪʃənt/: đầy đủ, đủ để đáp ứng nhu cầu hoặc yêu cầu.
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“These issues disproportionately affect low-income families, often forcing them to live in substandard conditions or unsafe areas.”
(Những vấn đề này ảnh hưởng không cân xứng đến các gia đình có thu nhập thấp, thường buộc họ phải sống trong điều kiện kém chất lượng hoặc khu vực không an toàn.)
⇒ substandard (adj) /ˌsʌbˈstændərd/: không đạt tiêu chuẩn, không đạt yêu cầu ~ inferior. Chọn đáp án A
PASSAGE 13
ASEAN, officially the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a political and economic union of 11 member states in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration between its members and countries in the Asia-Pacific. The union has a total area of 4,522,518 km2 and an estimated total population of about 668 million as of 2022.
ASEAN’s primary objective was to accelerate economic growth and through that social progress and cultural development. A secondary objective was to promote regional peace and stability based on the rule of law and the principles of the UN Charter. With some of the fastest growing economies in the world, ASEAN has broadened its objective beyond the economic and social spheres. In 2003, ASEAN moved along the path similar to the European Union (EU) by agreeing to establish an ASEAN community that consists of three pillars: the ASEAN Security Community, the ASEAN Economic Community, and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community.
ASEAN regularly engages other countries in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond. A major partner of the UN, SCO, PA, GCC, MERCOSUR, CELAC, and ECO, ASEAN maintains a global network of alliances and dialogue partners and is considered by many as a global powerhouse, the central union for cooperation in Asia-Pacific, and a prominent and influential organisation. It is involved in numerous international affairs and hosts diplomatic missions throughout the world. The organisation’s success has become the driving force of some of the largest trade blocs in history, including APEC and RCEP.
ASEAN’s primary objective was to accelerate economic growth and through that social progress and cultural development. A secondary objective was to promote regional peace and stability based on the rule of law and the principles of the UN Charter. With some of the fastest growing economies in the world, ASEAN has broadened its objective beyond the economic and social spheres. In 2003, ASEAN moved along the path similar to the European Union (EU) by agreeing to establish an ASEAN community that consists of three pillars: the ASEAN Security Community, the ASEAN Economic Community, and the ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community.
ASEAN regularly engages other countries in the Asia-Pacific region and beyond. A major partner of the UN, SCO, PA, GCC, MERCOSUR, CELAC, and ECO, ASEAN maintains a global network of alliances and dialogue partners and is considered by many as a global powerhouse, the central union for cooperation in Asia-Pacific, and a prominent and influential organisation. It is involved in numerous international affairs and hosts diplomatic missions throughout the world. The organisation’s success has become the driving force of some of the largest trade blocs in history, including APEC and RCEP.
(Source: asean.org)
Câu 12 [798995]: The word "promote" in paragraph number 1 can be replaced by ______.
A, foster
B, dissuade
C, undermine
D, disrupt
Từ "promote" trong đoạn số 1 có thể được thay thế bằng ______.
A. foster (v) /ˈfɒstər/: nuôi dưỡng, khuyến khích, tạo điều kiện cho sự phát triển hoặc tiến bộ
B. dissuade (v) /dɪˈsweɪd/: thuyết phục ai đó không làm điều gì đó
C. destroyer (n) /dɪˈstrɔɪər/: kẻ phá hoại, vật hoặc người có khả năng phá hủy hoặc tiêu diệt
D. disruption (n) /dɪsˈrʌpʃən/: sự gián đoạn, sự thay đổi đột ngột làm mất trật tự
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“ASEAN, officially the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a political and economic union of 11 member states in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration between its members and countries in the Asia-Pacific.”
“ASEAN, tên chính thức là Hiệp hội các quốc gia Đông Nam Á, là liên minh chính trị và kinh tế của 11 quốc gia thành viên ở Đông Nam Á, thúc đẩy hợp tác liên chính phủ và tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho hội nhập kinh tế, chính trị, an ninh, quân sự, giáo dục và văn hóa xã hội giữa các thành viên và các quốc gia ở Châu Á - Thái Bình Dương.”
⇒ promote (v) /prəˈməʊt/: khuyến khích, thúc đẩy ~ foster. Chọn đáp án A
Câu 13 [798996]: In the context of the passage, which of the following is CLOSEST in meaning to the word "accelerate"?
A, postpone
B, hasten
C, alleviate
D, underrate
Trong bối cảnh của đoạn văn, từ nào sau đây GẦN NHẤT về nghĩa với từ "accelerate"?
A. delay (v) /dɪˈleɪd/: bị trì hoãn, xảy ra muộn hơn so với dự định hoặc kế hoạch.
B. hasten (v) /ˈheɪsən/: thúc giục, làm cho điều gì đó xảy ra nhanh chóng hoặc sớm hơn.
C. relieve (v) /rɪˈliːv/: làm giảm bớt, giải tỏa, giúp giảm sự căng thẳng, lo lắng hoặc đau đớn.
D. underrate (v) /ˌʌndəˈreɪt/: đánh giá thấp, không nhận ra giá trị hoặc tầm quan trọng thực sự của điều gì đó.
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“ASEAN’s primary objective was to accelerate economic growth and through that social progress and cultural development.”
(Mục tiêu chính của ASEAN là thúc đẩy tăng trưởng kinh tế và thông qua đó là tiến bộ xã hội và phát triển văn hóa.)
⇒Từ “accelerate (v) /əkˈseləreɪt/: thúc đẩy, tăng tốc ~hasten. Chọn đáp án B
Câu 14 [798997]: The word “prominent” in paragraph 3 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A, insignificant
B, hilarious
C, well - known
D, obscure
Từ “prominent” ở đoạn 3 trái nghĩa với ______.
A. insignificant (adj) /ˌɪn.sɪɡˈnɪ.fənt/ - không quan trọng, tầm thường, không đáng kể
B. hilarious (adj) /hɪˈleə.ri.əs/ - rất buồn cười, vui nhộn
C. well-known (adj) /ˌwel ˈnəʊn/ - nổi tiếng, được biết đến rộng rãi
D. obscure (adj) /əbˈskjʊr/ - tối nghĩa, mơ hồ, ít người biết đến
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“...ASEAN maintains a global network of alliances and dialogue partners and is considered by many as a global powerhouse, the central union for cooperation in Asia-Pacific, and a prominent and influential organisation.”
(ASEAN duy trì mạng lưới liên minh và đối tác đối thoại toàn cầu và được nhiều người coi là một cường quốc toàn cầu, là liên minh trung tâm cho hợp tác ở Châu Á - Thái Bình Dương và là một tổ chức nổi bật và có ảnh hưởng.)
⇒ Từ “prominent (adj) /ˈprɑːmɪnənt/: nổi bật >< obscure
PASSAGE 14
Girls and boys see gender inequality in their homes and communities every day – in textbooks, in the media and among the adults who care for them.
Parents may take unequal responsibility for housework, with mothers bearing the brunt of caregiving and chores. The majority of community health workers who attend to children are also women, with limited opportunity for professional growth.
And in schools, many girls receive less support than boys to pursue the studies they choose. This happens for a variety of reasons. The safety, hygiene and sanitation needs of girls may be neglected, preventing them from regularly attending class. Discriminatory teaching practices also produce gender gaps in learning and skills development. As a result, nearly 1 in 4 girls between the ages of 15 and 19 are neither employed nor in education or training – compared to 1 in 10 boys.
In early childhood, gender disparities start out small. Girls have higher survival rates at birth and are just as likely to participate in preschool. Among those who reach secondary school, girls tend to outperform boys in reading across every country where data are available.
But the onset of adolescence can bring significant barriers to girls’ well-being. Gender discrimination heightens their risk of unwanted pregnancy, HIV and AIDS, and malnutrition. Especially, in emergency settings and in some places, girls are cut off from the information and supplies they need to stay healthy and safe.
Parents may take unequal responsibility for housework, with mothers bearing the brunt of caregiving and chores. The majority of community health workers who attend to children are also women, with limited opportunity for professional growth.
And in schools, many girls receive less support than boys to pursue the studies they choose. This happens for a variety of reasons. The safety, hygiene and sanitation needs of girls may be neglected, preventing them from regularly attending class. Discriminatory teaching practices also produce gender gaps in learning and skills development. As a result, nearly 1 in 4 girls between the ages of 15 and 19 are neither employed nor in education or training – compared to 1 in 10 boys.
In early childhood, gender disparities start out small. Girls have higher survival rates at birth and are just as likely to participate in preschool. Among those who reach secondary school, girls tend to outperform boys in reading across every country where data are available.
But the onset of adolescence can bring significant barriers to girls’ well-being. Gender discrimination heightens their risk of unwanted pregnancy, HIV and AIDS, and malnutrition. Especially, in emergency settings and in some places, girls are cut off from the information and supplies they need to stay healthy and safe.
(Source: UNICEF’s Gender Equality Program)
Câu 15 [799227]: The phrase “bearing the brunt” in paragraph 2 mostly means ______.
A, receiving the main force of something unpleasant
B, doing better than
C, taking responsibilities for something
D, putting somebody into childcare
Cụm từ “bearing the brunt” trong đoạn 2 có nghĩa là ______.
A. receiving the main force of something unpleasant: chịu sức ép chính của một điều gì đó khó chịu
B. doing better than: làm tốt hơn
C. taking responsibilities for something: chịu trách nhiệm cho một điều gì đó
D. putting somebody into childcare: giao cho ai đó nhiệm vụ chăm sóc trẻ em
- Căn cứ vào nghĩa của câu:
“Parents may take unequal responsibility for housework, with mothers bearing the brunt of caregiving and chores”
(Cha mẹ có thể gánh vác trách nhiệm không đồng đều với công việc nhà và thường là người mẹ phải chịu đựng gánh vác phần lớn công việc chăm sóc và làm việc nhà.)
⇒ “bearing the brunt (idiom): chịu đựng hoàn cảnh tồi tệ nhất” ~ receiving the main force of something unpleasant. Chọn đáp án A.
Câu 16 [799228]: The word “attend to” in paragraph 2 is CLOSEST in meaning to ______.
A, take care of
B, participate in
C, make up for
D, connect with
Cụm “attend to” trong đoạn 2 có nghĩa GẦN NHẤT với ______.
A. take care of - chăm sóc, lo liệu
B. participate in - tham gia vào
C. make up for - đền bù, bù đắp
D. connect with - kết nối với, giao tiếp với
- Căn cứ vào nghĩa của câu:
“The majority of community health workers who attend to children are also women, with limited opportunity for professional growth.”
(Phần lớn nhân viên y tế cộng đồng chăm sóc trẻ em cũng là phụ nữ, có ít cơ hội phát triển chuyên môn.)
⇒ Cụm “attend to (phrasal V): chăm sóc hoặc quan tâm đến vấn đề gì đó ~ take care of. Chọn đáp án A
Câu 17 [799231]: Which of the following words is CLOSEST in meaning to "Discriminatory" in paragraph 3?
A, Unbiased
B, Unfair
C, Equal
D, Impartial
Từ nào sau đây GẦN NHẤT nghĩa với "Discriminatory" trong đoạn 3?
A. Unbiased (adj) /ʌnˈbaɪəsd/ - không thiên vị, công bằng
B. Unfair (adj) /ʌnˈfeər/ - không công bằng
C. Equal (adj) /ˈiːkwəl/ - bình đẳng, công bằng
D. Impartial (adj) /ɪmˈpɑːrʃəl/ - công bằng, không thiên vị
- Căn cứ vào nghĩa của câu:
“Discriminatory teaching practices also produce gender gaps in learning and skills development.”
(Các hoạt động giảng dạy phân biệt đối xử cũng tạo ra khoảng cách giới tính trong học tập và phát triển kỹ năng.)
⇒”Discriminatory (adj) /dɪˈskrɪmɪnətɔːri/: không công bằng, phân biệt đối xử ~ unfair
Câu 18 [799233]: The word “disparities” in paragraph 4 is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A, prejudices
B, discriminations
C, similarities
D, differences
Từ “disparities” trong đoạn 4 trái nghĩa với ______.
A. prejudice (n) /ˈprɛdʒʊdɪs/ - định kiến, sự thành kiến
B. discrimination (n) /dɪsˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/ - phân biệt đối xử
C. similarity (n) /ˌsɪməˈlærəti/ - sự tương đồng, điểm giống nhau
D. difference (n) /ˈdɪfərəns/ - sự khác biệt
- Căn cứ vào nghĩa của câu:
“In early childhood, gender disparities start out small. Girls have higher survival rates at birth and are just as likely to participate in preschool.”
(Trong thời thơ ấu, sự chênh lệch giới tính bắt đầu từ mức nhỏ. Các bé gái có tỷ lệ sống sót cao hơn khi sinh ra và cũng có khả năng tham gia vào trường mẫu giáo.)
⇒ Từ “disparity (n) /dɪˈspærəti/: sự chênh lệch, sự không bình đẳng >< similarity. Chọn đáp án C.
PASSAGE 15
Vietnam is one of the first 30 countries in the world and the first in Asia to adopt the MPI to ensure a minimum living standard and address gaps in access to basic social services, aiming for comprehensive and inclusive support for the poor and those living in impoverished areas. It is also expected to help improve the quality of both their material and spiritual life.
Each year, the country allocates substantial resources to the work, with the funding mainly from the central budget, different economic sectors, and contributions from the "For the Poor" fund managed by all-level VFF Committees.
As a result, Vietnam’s per capita income has risen to about 4,650 USD from only 185 USD in 1993. Last year, its multidimensional poverty rate decreased by 1.1% to 2.93%. Additionally, 10 extremely disadvantaged coastal and island communes successfully got rid of poverty.
Rural economic and social infrastructure has seen remarkable improvements which give a facelift to the areas and contribute to promoting production and raising living standards there.
Once among the poorest countries in the world, Vietnam has transformed into one of the fastest-growing economies over the past few decades. From 1989 to 2023, its per capita GDP recorded a 40-fold increase. In two decades, more than 40 million people have been lifted out of poverty. Vietnam achieved the United Nations Millennium Development Goal on poverty reduction ahead of schedule, winning recognition from the international community as a global success story in poverty alleviation.
In April 2022, the World Bank, in its report "From the Last Mile to the Next Mile: Vietnam Poverty and Equity Assessment 2022", noted that the amount of progress that Vietnam has achieved in less than half a century since the war ended in 1975 has been nearly without parallel.
Each year, the country allocates substantial resources to the work, with the funding mainly from the central budget, different economic sectors, and contributions from the "For the Poor" fund managed by all-level VFF Committees.
As a result, Vietnam’s per capita income has risen to about 4,650 USD from only 185 USD in 1993. Last year, its multidimensional poverty rate decreased by 1.1% to 2.93%. Additionally, 10 extremely disadvantaged coastal and island communes successfully got rid of poverty.
Rural economic and social infrastructure has seen remarkable improvements which give a facelift to the areas and contribute to promoting production and raising living standards there.
Once among the poorest countries in the world, Vietnam has transformed into one of the fastest-growing economies over the past few decades. From 1989 to 2023, its per capita GDP recorded a 40-fold increase. In two decades, more than 40 million people have been lifted out of poverty. Vietnam achieved the United Nations Millennium Development Goal on poverty reduction ahead of schedule, winning recognition from the international community as a global success story in poverty alleviation.
In April 2022, the World Bank, in its report "From the Last Mile to the Next Mile: Vietnam Poverty and Equity Assessment 2022", noted that the amount of progress that Vietnam has achieved in less than half a century since the war ended in 1975 has been nearly without parallel.
(Source: https://english.molisa.gov.vn/)
Câu 19 [799240]: Which of the following words is CLOSEST in meaning to "comprehensive" in the sentence?
A, limited
B, complete
C, partial
D, exclusive
Trong các từ sau đây, từ nào GẦN NHẤT nghĩa với từ "comprehensive" trong câu?
A. limited (adj) /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ - có giới hạn, hạn chế
B. complete (adj) /kəmˈpliːt/ - hoàn thành, đầy đủ
C. partial (adj) /ˈpɑːrʃəl/ - một phần, không hoàn chỉnh
D. exclusive (adj) /ɪkˈskluːsɪv/ - độc quyền, riêng biệt
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Vietnam is one of the first 30 countries in the world and the first in Asia to adopt the MPI to ensure a minimum living standard and address gaps in access to basic social services, aiming for comprehensive and inclusive support for the poor and those living in impoverished areas.”
(Việt Nam là một trong 30 quốc gia đầu tiên trên thế giới và là quốc gia đầu tiên ở châu Á áp dụng MPI để đảm bảo mức sống tối thiểu và giải quyết khoảng cách trong tiếp cận các dịch vụ xã hội cơ bản, hướng tới hỗ trợ toàn diện và bao trùm cho người nghèo và những người sống ở các vùng nghèo đói.)
⇒ “comprehensive (adj) /ˌkɑːmprɪˈhensɪv/: bao quát, toàn diện” ~ complete. Chọn đáp án B
Câu 20 [799242]: The word "substantial" in the sentence is OPPOSITE in meaning to ______.
A, inconsequential
B, considerable
C, extensive
D, tremendous
Từ "substantial" trong câu is TRÁI NGHĨA với ______.
A. inconsequential (adj) /ɪnˌkɑːnsɪˈkwenʃl/ - không quan trọng, không đáng kể
B. considerable (adj) /kənˈsɪdərəbl/ - đáng kể, lớn lao
C. extensive (adj) /ɪkˈstensɪv/ - rộng lớn, bao quát
D. tremendous (adj) /trəˈmendəs/ - to lớn, khổng lồ, kinh ngạc
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Each year, the country allocates substantial resources to the work, with the funding mainly from the central budget, different economic sectors, and contributions from the "For the Poor" fund managed by all-level VFF Committees.”
(Hàng năm, Nhà nước đều dành nguồn lực đáng kể cho công tác này, chủ yếu từ ngân sách trung ương, các thành phần kinh tế và đóng góp từ Quỹ “Vì người nghèo” do Ủy ban MTTQ các cấp quản lý.)
⇒”substantial (adj) /səbˈstænʃl/: quan trọng, trọng yếu >< inconsequential”. Chọn đáp án A.
Câu 21 [799244]: Which of the following words has the closest meaning to "remarkable" as used in paragraph 4?
A, considerable
B, ordinary
C, moderate
D, insignificant
Trong các từ sau, từ nào có nghĩa gần nhất với từ "remarkable" được sử dụng ở đoạn 4?
A. considerable (adj) /kənˈsɪdərəbl/ - đáng kể, lớn lao
B. ordinary (adj) /ˈɔːdnri/ - bình thường, thông thường
C. moderate (adj) /ˈmɒdəreɪt/ - vừa phải, điều độ
D. insignificant (adj) /ˌɪn.sɪɡˈnɪ.fənt/ - không quan trọng, tầm thường, không đáng kể
- Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Rural economic and social infrastructure has seen remarkable improvements which give a facelift to the areas and contribute to promoting production and raising living standards there.”
(Cơ sở hạ tầng kinh tế - xã hội nông thôn đã có những cải thiện đáng kể, làm thay đổi diện mạo của các vùng, góp phần thúc đẩy sản xuất, nâng cao đời sống nhân dân.)
⇒ “remarkable (adj) /rɪˈmɑːrkəbl/: đáng chú ý, đáng kể” ~ considerable. Chọn đáp án A.
PASSAGE 16
There is a great concern in Europe and North America about declining standards of literacy in schools. In Britain, the fact that 30 percent of 16 year olds have a reading age of 14 or less has helped to prompt massive educational changes. The development of literacy has far-reaching effects on general intellectual development and thus anything which impedes the development of literacy is a serious matter for us all. So the hunt is on for the cause of the decline in literacy. The search so far has focused on socio-economic factors, or the effectiveness of 'traditional' versus 'modern' teaching techniques.
The fruitless search for the cause of the increase in illiteracy is a tragic example of the saying 'They can't see the wood for the trees'. When teachers use picture books, they are simply continuing a long-established tradition that is accepted without question. And for the past two decades, illustrations in reading primers have become increasingly detailed and obtrusive, while language has become impoverished - sometimes to the point of extinction.
Amazingly, there is virtually no empirical evidence to support the use of illustrations in teaching reading. On the contrary, a great deal of empirical evidence shows that pictures interfere in a damaging way with all aspects of learning to read. Despite this, from North America to the Antipodes, the first books that many school children receive are totally without text.
A teacher's main concern is to help young beginner readers to develop not only the ability to recognise words, but the skills necessary to understand what these words mean. Even if a child is able to read aloud fluently, he or she may not be able to understand much of it: this is called 'barking at text'. The teacher's task of improving comprehension is made harder by influences outside the classroom. But the adverse effects of such things as television, video games, or limited language experiences at home, can be offset by experiencing 'rich' language at school.
The fruitless search for the cause of the increase in illiteracy is a tragic example of the saying 'They can't see the wood for the trees'. When teachers use picture books, they are simply continuing a long-established tradition that is accepted without question. And for the past two decades, illustrations in reading primers have become increasingly detailed and obtrusive, while language has become impoverished - sometimes to the point of extinction.
Amazingly, there is virtually no empirical evidence to support the use of illustrations in teaching reading. On the contrary, a great deal of empirical evidence shows that pictures interfere in a damaging way with all aspects of learning to read. Despite this, from North America to the Antipodes, the first books that many school children receive are totally without text.
A teacher's main concern is to help young beginner readers to develop not only the ability to recognise words, but the skills necessary to understand what these words mean. Even if a child is able to read aloud fluently, he or she may not be able to understand much of it: this is called 'barking at text'. The teacher's task of improving comprehension is made harder by influences outside the classroom. But the adverse effects of such things as television, video games, or limited language experiences at home, can be offset by experiencing 'rich' language at school.
(Source: Mini-ielts)
Câu 22 [799246]: In which paragraph does the writer mention a present causal relationship?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: A
Câu 23 [799252]: In which paragraph does the writer first discuss traditional methods in teaching reading comprehension?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: B
Câu 24 [799257]: In which paragraph does the writer highlight the role of external influences on children's reading comprehension?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: D
PASSAGE 17
The increasingly young crime is no longer the story of the authorities alone, but it is the story of each family, society and the youth themselves. Just because of a moment of not being able to control oneself, the consequences behind each case are always tears, pain... and that pain will be even greater when the perpetrators are just boys and girls who have just started their lives and lost their future, their youth... This reality requires solutions soon, education, prevent and stop the current trend of juvenile crime.
Juvenile crime is one of the criminal groups of high concern in all countries. In Vietnam, criminals under the age of 18 have a specific nature and are defined by law as a separate group of subjects with special policies. According to the provisions of Vietnamese criminal law, people aged 14 years and older must bear criminal responsibility in some cases, and people aged 16 years and older must bear criminal responsibility for all criminal acts. Article 12 of the 2015 Penal Code stipulates: "Persons 16 years of age or older must be criminally responsible for all crimes, except for crimes otherwise prescribed by this Code."
However, reality shows that the situation of juvenile crime is becoming more and more complicated, and the age of crime is getting younger and younger. There are people who are just teenagers but have committed serious crimes such as robbery, murder, drug trafficking and use.
There are even many "children" who commit crimes that are organized, purposeful, calculated, and plotted to commit crimes clearly and clearly, causing serious consequences, but many cases are difficult to handle, and cannot be prosecuted because he is not old enough for criminal responsibility. These situations pose many problems in researching, developing and amending legal regulations, decrees and guiding circulars to suit reality.
Juvenile crime is one of the criminal groups of high concern in all countries. In Vietnam, criminals under the age of 18 have a specific nature and are defined by law as a separate group of subjects with special policies. According to the provisions of Vietnamese criminal law, people aged 14 years and older must bear criminal responsibility in some cases, and people aged 16 years and older must bear criminal responsibility for all criminal acts. Article 12 of the 2015 Penal Code stipulates: "Persons 16 years of age or older must be criminally responsible for all crimes, except for crimes otherwise prescribed by this Code."
However, reality shows that the situation of juvenile crime is becoming more and more complicated, and the age of crime is getting younger and younger. There are people who are just teenagers but have committed serious crimes such as robbery, murder, drug trafficking and use.
There are even many "children" who commit crimes that are organized, purposeful, calculated, and plotted to commit crimes clearly and clearly, causing serious consequences, but many cases are difficult to handle, and cannot be prosecuted because he is not old enough for criminal responsibility. These situations pose many problems in researching, developing and amending legal regulations, decrees and guiding circulars to suit reality.
(Source: vietnam.vn)
Câu 25 [799258]: Where in the text does the writer mention the causes leading to the increase in juvenile crime and its serious consequences?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: A
Câu 26 [799260]: In which paragraph does the writer mention a concession relationship that highlights the difficulty of prosecuting certain juvenile offenders despite the seriousness of their crimes?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: D
Câu 27 [799262]: In which paragraph does the writer discuss the special legal policies applied to juvenile offenders in Vietnam?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: B
Câu 28 [799263]: Where does the writer discuss the complexity of juvenile crimes and the increasing trend of younger offenders committing serious offenses?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: C
Câu 29 [799264]: Which paragraph highlights the author's emphasis on the necessity of legal reforms to address juvenile crime better?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: D
PASSAGE 18
Love Behind Screens: How Media Affects Perceptions Of Love Reading
Along with shaping one’s perception of love, consuming media often influences personal views of societal norms and values. Though the push for diverse representation in media has made strides, people with minority identities remain underrepresented in mainstream entertainment.A lack of diverse love, such as interracial love, LGBTQIA+ love, and many other forms of love in mainstream media, may harm one’s perception of love. Media often dictates views of what love “should” look like, which is shown to children and people who are impressionable. When a young BIPOC and LGBTQIA+ child only sees heterosexual or white couples on TV, they might assume that the type of relationships they crave are unhealthy or unrealistic. They may believe that they must hide themselves or seek out unfulfilling or traumatic relationships.
Alternatively, media that depicts many different instances of love can positively affect those it represents. Diverse representation also has the potential to widen the lens of love for those who may hold a limited view. Another potentially harmful effect of modern media comes from idealizing certain unhealthy relationship behaviors, such as jealousy, possessiveness, and controlling behavior. While these characteristics are often portrayed as romantic or passionate on screen, these behaviors are detrimental to the health and functionality of a relationship in real life.
An example of this behavior comes from the movie and book series Twilight. In the series, a main character pursues his love interest by obsessing over her with possessive behaviors, including sneaking into her house and watching her sleep. Although portrayed as romantic in the movie, this behavior would be illegal and scary in real life.
When a child or adult sees this portrayal of love in their media acted out by attractive actors and actresses pretending to be in love, they may believe that the behavior is romantic. If someone enters an unhealthy relationship with patterns like these, they might romanticize it, believing that the push and pull of an unhealthy relationship is part of “passionate love”.
(Source: betterhelp.com)
Câu 30 [799265]: In which paragraph does the writer establish a cause and effect relationship by explaining how a lack of diverse representation in media can negatively impact individuals’ perceptions of love?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: B
Câu 31 [799266]: In which paragraph does the writer acknowledge that modern media can positively affect perceptions of love while also highlighting its potential harm?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: C
Câu 32 [799267]: Which paragraph implies that media depictions of unhealthy romance can shape beliefs about acceptability?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 4
D, Paragraph 5
Đáp án: D
PASSAGE 19
Traveling is one of the most enriching experiences that a person can have. It allows us to explore new cultures, try new foods, and see breathtaking sights. According to the World Tourism Organization, international tourist arrivals reached 1.4 billion in 2018, with a growth rate of 6%. This shows that more and more people are recognizing the value of travel in their lives.
One of the most popular reasons people travel is to relax and unwind. In a survey conducted by Expedia, 81% of respondents said they take vacations to relieve stress. Traveling to a new destination can help people disconnect from their daily routine and recharge their batteries. This is especially important considering that chronic stress can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease and depression. Another reason people travel is to learn about different cultures. In a study by Booking.com, 68% of respondents said they travel to experience new cultures. Traveling allows people to immerse themselves in different ways of life, try new foods, and learn about history and traditions. This can lead to greater understanding and empathy for people from different backgrounds.
Travel can also have a positive impact on the economy. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the travel and tourism industry accounts for 10.4% of global GDP and 319 million jobs worldwide. This shows that travel not only benefits the individual traveler, but also has a ripple effect on the communities they visit.
However, it is important to consider the negative impact of travel as well. Mass tourism can lead to overcrowding, environmental damage, and cultural commodification. It is important for travelers to be mindful of their impact and make sustainable choices when possible.
One of the most popular reasons people travel is to relax and unwind. In a survey conducted by Expedia, 81% of respondents said they take vacations to relieve stress. Traveling to a new destination can help people disconnect from their daily routine and recharge their batteries. This is especially important considering that chronic stress can lead to serious health problems such as heart disease and depression. Another reason people travel is to learn about different cultures. In a study by Booking.com, 68% of respondents said they travel to experience new cultures. Traveling allows people to immerse themselves in different ways of life, try new foods, and learn about history and traditions. This can lead to greater understanding and empathy for people from different backgrounds.
Travel can also have a positive impact on the economy. According to the World Travel and Tourism Council, the travel and tourism industry accounts for 10.4% of global GDP and 319 million jobs worldwide. This shows that travel not only benefits the individual traveler, but also has a ripple effect on the communities they visit.
However, it is important to consider the negative impact of travel as well. Mass tourism can lead to overcrowding, environmental damage, and cultural commodification. It is important for travelers to be mindful of their impact and make sustainable choices when possible.
(Source: unwto.org)
Câu 33 [799269]: In which paragraph does the writer highlight the role of traveling in personal growth and self-discovery?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: B
Câu 34 [799272]: Which paragraph emphasizes tourism as a driving force behind the economy worldwide?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: C
Câu 35 [799273]: In which paragraph does the writer present a statistic about the global volume of international tourist arrivals?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: A
Câu 36 [799275]: Which paragraph implies that mass tourism can come at an environmental cost?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: D
PASSAGE 20
Women in modern society
Over the past century, the role of women in society has evolved tremendously. As societies worldwide progress and adapt, the contributions of women have shifted from predominantly domestic spheres to encompass significant positions in business, politics, science, and various other fields. This transformation has not only redefined traditional roles but has also impacted the very fabric of society, challenging preconceived gender norms and stereotypes.In the early 20th century, women’s rights movements gained momentum, leading to important achievements like the right to vote and the right to work in several countries. These movements sparked an ongoing wave of social change that has continued into modern times. Education became more accessible to women, allowing them to pursue careers that had once been reserved for men. In some countries, women now make up a larger portion of university students than men, illustrating the rapid shift in educational priorities and access.
However, despite these advancements, challenges remain. Many women still face obstacles in the workplace, such as wage disparities, gender bias, and limited opportunities for advancement. Additionally, in some parts of the world, cultural norms continue to restrict women’s rights and opportunities, limiting their freedom to choose careers, education, or even personal relationships. These challenges underscore the need for ongoing efforts to achieve true gender equality.
The benefits of promoting gender equality are significant. Societies that support equal opportunities for women tend to experience better economic growth, improved health outcomes, and stronger social cohesion. Numerous studies show that when women participate equally in the workforce, it leads to greater innovation and productivity. Furthermore, countries that encourage gender equality often have higher rates of child survival, better educational outcomes, and enhanced social stability.
In summary, the role of women in modern society is continually evolving. Although there are still areas where improvement is needed, the progress achieved thus far demonstrates the potential of societies that embrace gender equality. The contributions of women across all sectors are invaluable, paving the way for a more inclusive and dynamic future.
(Source: The Real IELTS)
Câu 37 [799277]: In which paragraph does the writer mention the ongoing barriers women encounter in today's world?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: C
Câu 38 [799280]: In which paragraph does the writer discuss a major societal shift that has led to women entering traditionally male-dominated fields?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: B
Câu 39 [799281]: In which paragraph does the writer highlight the connection between gender equality and broader societal advancements?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: D
Câu 40 [799282]: In which paragraph does the writer acknowledge that gender inequality continues affecting women’s career advancement?
A, Paragraph 1
B, Paragraph 2
C, Paragraph 3
D, Paragraph 4
Đáp án: C