In 1949, the British (1)_______ William Grey Walter introduced the first machine which could slowly move (2)________ light stimulus. Ten years later, the first industrial robotic arm was installed at a General Motors plant in the US. Such robots are mostly used in car and computer industries.
The first robot to use Artificial Intelligence was known as Shakey. It was developed at Stanford Research Institute between 1966 and 1972. Shakey could (3)_________ its surroundings, and then find its way across a room or push a box along the floor. Twenty years later, a walking robot called Dante, which (4)_______, was built to go into active volcanoes.
The late 1990s marked a milestone in the history of robots when Kismet, a robotic head designed to provoke and react to emotions, was created. (5)______ the beginning of the 21st century, more robots have been created to improve our life.
In 2016, Sophia, a human-like robot was introduced. Sophia can imitate human gestures and facial expressions and is able to answer certain questions and to make simple conversations.

iPhone is a genuine American product because its engineering and design are borne out of the (1) ________ and skill of American developers and industrial designers in Cupertino, California, Apple’s headquarters. The battle plan to innovate and shake the smartphone industry started here in as real fashion as when, perhaps, Edison shouted eureka! after figuring out (2) ________ or when the Wright brothers flew the maiden flight in American soil.
Beyond the planning stage, iPhone 5 is still being made in America. Its brain, the A6 chip, is manufactured by a semiconductor company (3) ________ in the US, perhaps an Intel or IBM plant or even a Samsung American subsidiary in Austin, Texas. The smartphone may be made from different countries, but it thinks as an American like you and me.
The software is also designed locally and a $500-million data center was even built in North Carolina. The radio frequency part (4) _______ Ohio-based Triquint, the audio chip by Cirrus Logic, a Texan company, and the controller chips by California-based PMC Sierra and Broadcom Corp. Evidently, the specialized parts and design are American, making the iPhone a first-rate, cutting-edge product. Interestingly, the glass is developed and manufactured by a Corning plant in Kentucky, although the bulk of manufacturing has since been (5) _______ to the company’s plants in Japan and Taiwan.

Despite undeniable contributions, the integration of technology in education is not without challenges. One of the primary concerns is the digital (1) _______, where unequal access to technology can exacerbate educational inequalities. Students from low-income families or remote areas may lack the necessary devices or internet connectivity to fully participate in digital learning, leading to disparities in educational outcomes. Addressing this issue requires concerted efforts from governments, educational institutions, and the private sector to ensure that all students have (2) _______ to the tools and resources they need.
(3) _______ is the potential for technology to diminish the role of human interaction in education. While digital tools can enhance learning, they cannot replace the personal connection and guidance that teachers provide. The role of educators must evolve to balance the use of technology with the need for meaningful teacher-student relationships. (4) _______ is essential to fostering not only academic success but also the social and emotional development of students.
Furthermore, the rapid pace of technological change presents a challenge for educators and institutions to (5) _______ the latest tools and trends. Continuous professional development and training are necessary to equip teachers with the skills to effectively integrate technology into their teaching practices. Additionally, educational institutions must invest in infrastructure and support systems to ensure that technology is used effectively and sustainably.